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Mind & Psychology

The Science of Emotional Intelligence

A1 A2 B1 B2

Emotional intelligence is not soft or extra. It is a daily skill that helps you notice feelings, calm your reactions, and build kinder, stronger relationships at home and at work.

Updated: Dec 8, 2025
A1 Level

One small bus stop moment can change a whole day.

Listening to Your Feelings

One small bus stop moment can change a whole day.

Leila stands at the bus stop.
The air is cold. Her hands feel stiff.
The bus is late again.

She looks at her phone.
The time is 8:10.
She should be at work at 8:30.
Her stomach feels tight.
Her face feels hot.
She is angry and scared.

She wants to shout at someone.
At the bus driver, at the traffic, at the sky.
She starts to type a message to her friend:
“I hate this city.”

Then she stops.
She remembers a short message her friend sent last week:
“When you feel bad, first, breathe.”

Leila puts her phone in her pocket.
She closes her eyes for a moment.
She takes one slow breath.
Then another.

In her head, she says,
“I am angry. I am worried. I feel alone.”
The words are simple, but they help.
Her chest feels a little softer.

The bus finally comes.
The driver looks tired. His eyes are red.
Maybe he also had a hard morning.
Leila feels something new.
It is not only anger now. It is also care.
She says, “Good morning.”
The driver gives a small smile.

When we listen to our feelings, we can choose what to do.
We can still be sad or mad.
But we are not lost.
A slow breath, a small word like “angry” or “tired”,
can open a door to a better day.


Key Points – Naming a feeling can make it feel smaller and softer.

  • A slow breath gives you time to choose your action.

Words to Know

angry /ˈæŋɡri/ (adj) — feeling mad about something
worried /ˈwʌrid/ (adj) — afraid something bad may happen
breathe /briːð/ (v) — take air in and out
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ (n) — emotion inside your mind or body
calm /kɑːm/ (adj) — relaxed, not excited or angry
alone /əˈləʊn/ (adj) — with no other people
care /keə(r)/ (n) — kind feeling; wanting someone to be okay
driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/ (n) — person who drives a bus, car, etc.


📝 Practice Questions

True/False
1. Leila is waiting at a bus stop.
2. Leila feels happy and relaxed when the bus is late.
3. The bus driver looks tired when the bus arrives.

A1 – Multiple Choice

  1. What time does Leila see on her phone?
    A. 7:10
    B. 8:10
    C. 9:10

  2. What does Leila do before she feels calmer?
    A. She shouts at the driver.
    B. She runs to work.
    C. She takes slow breaths.

  3. What does Leila say to the driver?
    A. “Good morning.”
    B. “I hate this city.”
    C. “You are late.”

A1 – Short Answer

  1. How does Leila’s stomach feel?
  2. Name one feeling Leila says in her head.
  3. What small thing can open a door to a better day?

True/False
1. True
2. False
3. True

A1 – Multiple Choice

  1. B
  2. C
  3. A

A1 – Short Answer

  1. It feels tight.
  2. “Angry” or “worried” or “alone.”
  3. A slow breath or a small word.

A2 Level

In a busy café, one worker discovers a new kind of smart.

A Quiet Superpower: Emotional Intelligence

In a busy café, one worker discovers a new kind of smart.

A Busy Morning at the Café

The coffee machine is loud.
People talk, laugh, and check their phones.
Jonas is new at the café.
He wants to do a good job, but his hands shake a little.

Next to him, Amira moves very fast.
She makes drinks, cleans tables, answers questions.
Her face looks hard.
She does not smile at Jonas.
When he makes a mistake, she puts the cup down with a strong noise.

Jonas feels a hot wave in his chest.
“Maybe she hates me,” he thinks.
He wants to be rude back.
But he remembers something he read online:
“Emotional intelligence means being smart with feelings.”

He pauses.
He asks himself, “What am I feeling?”
The words come: “Nervous. Angry. Embarrassed.”
Just naming the feelings makes them a little smaller.

Seeing Feelings, Not Just Faces

Jonas looks again at Amira.
Her eyes look tired.
Her voice is sharp, but also shaky.
He wonders, “What is she feeling?”

At lunch, he sits near her and listens.
Amira says her child is sick.
She worked all night and then came to the café.
Now Jonas understands.
Her anger is also stress and fear.

He does one small thing.
He says, “I can clean the tables, if you want.”
Amira looks surprised, then grateful.
Her tone of voice becomes softer.
Later, she shows him an easier way to make drinks.

Psychologists say emotional intelligence is a skill.
You notice your own emotions.
You guess other people’s emotions.
Then you choose a kind, useful action.

One simple way to start is with words.
Instead of only “happy” or “sad”, try more emotion words:
“tired”, “jealous”, “calm”, “lonely”, “proud”.
The more words you have, the easier it is to see what is really happening inside you and around you.


Key Points – Noticing your own emotions gives you more choice.

  • Guessing other people’s feelings can change how you act.
  • Simple emotion words are tools, like a map for your day.

Words to Know

emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/ (adj) — about feelings
intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ (n) — ability to learn, think, and understand
café /ˈkæfeɪ/ (n) — small restaurant that serves drinks and snacks
nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ (adj) — worried and a little afraid
rude /ruːd/ (adj) — not polite; not kind in words or actions
empathy /ˈempəθi/ (n) — ability to understand another person’s feelings
pause /pɔːz/ (v) — stop for a short time
tone /təʊn/ (n) — sound of a voice that shows feeling
handle /ˈhændl/ (v) — manage or deal with something
emotion word /ɪˈməʊʃən wɜːd/ (n) — word that names a feeling


📝 Practice Questions

True/False
1. Jonas is new at the café and feels nervous.
2. Amira is angry only because Jonas makes mistakes.
3. Psychologists say emotional intelligence is a skill.

A2 – Multiple Choice

  1. What does Jonas do when he first feels a hot wave in his chest?
    A. He shouts at Amira.
    B. He remembers something he read online.
    C. He leaves the café.

  2. What helps Jonas understand Amira better?
    A. Listening to her at lunch.
    B. Reading a new book.
    C. Talking only to the manager.

  3. What small action does Jonas offer to do?
    A. Make all the drinks.
    B. Clean the tables.
    C. Close the café early.

A2 – Short Answer

  1. What three questions does emotional intelligence help you with in this story?
  2. How does Amira’s tone of voice change after Jonas helps her?
  3. Give two emotion words from the article besides “happy” or “sad”.

True/False
1. True
2. False
3. True

A2 – Multiple Choice

  1. B
  2. A
  3. B

A2 – Short Answer

  1. What he feels, what others feel, what to do.
  2. It becomes softer and more friendly.
  3. Any two: tired, jealous, calm, lonely, proud.

B1 Level

A young manager learns that emotions are not the enemy.

When Feelings Walk into the Meeting Room

A young manager learns that emotions are not the enemy.

The Email That Broke the Team

On Tuesday morning, Carlos opened his inbox and froze.
His boss had sent a short, cold email:
“Sales are down. Fix this now.”

Carlos felt his face burn.
He quickly forwarded the message to his team and wrote,
“We are in trouble because some people are lazy.”

The office went quiet.
In the afternoon meeting, nobody looked at him.
Two people crossed their arms.
Another gave very short answers.
The numbers on the screen were bad,
but the mood in the room was worse.

That night, Carlos told a friend,
“I wish my team was less emotional.”
His friend laughed gently.
“Your email was emotional too.
You were angry and afraid. You just hid it in your words.”

Discovering Emotional Intelligence

His friend shared an article about emotional intelligence.
Carlos read it twice.

He learned that emotional intelligence is not about being “nice” all the time.
It is about four main skills:

First, self-awareness: knowing what you feel and why.
Second, regulation: calming yourself so feelings do not control your actions.
Third, empathy: understanding what others might feel.
Fourth, social skills: using this information to talk and act in a helpful way.

Psychologists say that when we name a feeling,
like “disappointed” or “worried”,
the brain can think more clearly again.
The reaction becomes a response.

Training the Brain, One Moment at a Time

The next day, Carlos tried something new.
Before the team meeting, he wrote a small list:
“angry, scared, ashamed, hopeful.”
He looked at the words and took three deep breaths.

In the meeting he said,
“I felt angry and scared when I saw the sales.
Maybe some of you felt that too.”
People nodded.
The room relaxed a little.

Then he asked, “What do you think is happening with our customers?”
Slowly, ideas came.
One person spoke about prices.
Another spoke about a new competitor.
They left the room with a real plan, not just heavy feelings.

Emotional intelligence did not change the numbers in one day.
But it changed the team’s energy.
Carlos began to see emotions as information, not as enemies.

You do not have to be a manager to use this.
Every time you pause, name your feeling,
and choose a better action,
you are training your brain in the same way.


Key Points – Emotional intelligence is a trainable skill, not magic or personality.

  • Self-awareness and regulation protect conversations from “hot” reactions.
  • Naming and sharing feelings can repair trust at work and beyond.

Words to Know

manager /ˈmænɪdʒə(r)/ (n) — person who leads a team or part of a company
blame /bleɪm/ (v) — say someone is responsible for something bad
tense /tens/ (adj) — nervous and not relaxed
conflict /ˈkɒnflɪkt/ (n) — serious disagreement or argument
self-awareness /ˌself əˈweənəs/ (n) — clear understanding of your own feelings and thoughts
regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/ (v) — control or manage something, like emotions
empathy /ˈempəθi/ (n) — ability to understand another person’s feelings
social skills /ˈsəʊʃl skɪlz/ (n) — abilities that help you talk and work well with people
respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ (v) — answer or react in a chosen way
reaction /riˈækʃn/ (n) — how you act or feel after something happens
habit /ˈhæbɪt/ (n) — something you do often, usually without thinking
reflect /rɪˈflekt/ (v) — think carefully about something


📝 Practice Questions

True/False
1. Carlos’s first email to his team was calm and careful.
2. In the first meeting, the team is quiet and tense.
3. Carlos learns that emotional intelligence is only about being nice.

B1 – Multiple Choice

  1. What did Carlos write when he forwarded his boss’s email?
    A. “Let’s stay calm and think.”
    B. “We are in trouble because some people are lazy.”
    C. “Sales are down; this is my fault.”

  2. According to the article, what is the first part of emotional intelligence?
    A. Social skills
    B. Self-awareness
    C. Regulation

  3. What changes in the second meeting after Carlos names his feelings?
    A. People leave the room.
    B. The boss cancels the project.
    C. The team shares ideas and makes a plan.

B1 – Short Answer

  1. Why did Carlos’s friend say his email was emotional too?
  2. How does naming feelings help the brain, according to psychologists?
  3. What two things does Carlos do before the second meeting to prepare?

True/False
1. False
2. True
3. False

B1 – Multiple Choice

  1. B
  2. B
  3. C

B1 – Short Answer

  1. Because it came from anger and fear, even if he hid it.
  2. It calms the brain’s alarm so thinking becomes clearer.
  3. He writes a list of feelings and takes deep breaths.

B2 Level

Understanding feelings can quietly change decisions, careers, and relationships.

The Science Behind Emotional Intelligence

Understanding feelings can quietly change decisions, careers, and relationships.

A Small Fight, a Bigger Pattern

Late at night, Sami stares at his phone.
His sister has sent a long message, complaining about their parents.
Sami feels his jaw tighten.
He starts to type back quickly:

“You always exaggerate. Stop being so dramatic.”

His thumb hovers over “send”.
Then he notices his heart beating fast,
and the heat in his face.
For a second, there is a small space between the feeling and the action.

He deletes the message and writes,
“Wow, that sounds really hard.
Can we talk tomorrow, when I’m not so tired?”

Nothing big happens.
No music, no lights.
But this tiny moment is emotional intelligence in real life.

What the Research Suggests

Psychologists use the term emotional intelligence
for the ability to understand and work with emotions —
your own and other people’s — in a skillful way.

It usually includes four parts:

  • self-awareness: noticing what you feel and what triggers it
  • regulation: staying with a feeling without letting it control you
  • empathy: sensing what others may be feeling
  • social skills: turning all this into helpful words and actions

Research suggests that people with higher emotional intelligence
often do better in leadership, teamwork, and close relationships.
They are not free from anger, fear, or sadness.
Instead, they can read these emotions like data.

Brain studies show something interesting:
When we quietly label a feeling —
for example, “I feel frustrated and a bit lonely” —
activity in the brain’s alarm system drops,
and areas for thinking and language become more active.
In simple words, naming helps taming.

Building a Rich Emotional Vocabulary

Many of us grow up with only a few emotion words:
“happy”, “sad”, “angry”, “fine”.
But life is more detailed than that.

There is a difference between “tired” and “burned out”,
between “jealous” and “afraid to lose someone”,
between “sad” and “disappointed”, “lonely”, or “empty”.

Psychologists call this emotional granularity:
the ability to see small nuances in your feelings.
People with more emotional vocabulary often regulate their emotions better.
They can choose a more exact response.

Think of a nurse in a busy hospital.
If she can notice, “I’m not just angry, I’m overwhelmed and hungry,”
she might take a five‑minute break and drink some water,
instead of shouting at a colleague.

Or imagine a parent with a teenager.
If the parent can think,
“My child is not only rude; he is also ashamed and scared,”
it becomes easier to listen instead of only punish.

You can grow this skill.
Keep a small list of emotion words on your phone.
Once a day, ask yourself,
“What exactly am I feeling right now?”
Try to find two or three words, not just one.

Over time, you may notice a new space in your day.
Between trigger and impulse,
there is room for awareness, empathy, and choice.
That quiet space is where emotional intelligence lives.


Key Points – Emotional intelligence links feeling and thinking, helping you use emotions as information.

  • A rich emotional vocabulary makes self-awareness, regulation, and empathy easier.
  • Small daily practices create the space to choose your response instead of react.

Words to Know

emotional intelligence /ɪˌməʊʃənl ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ (n) — skill of understanding and using emotions well
self-awareness /ˌself əˈweənəs/ (n) — clear understanding of your own inner state
regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/ (v) — control or adjust something to a healthy level
trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/ (n) — thing that starts a feeling or reaction
impulse /ˈɪmpʌls/ (n) — sudden strong wish to do something
empathy /ˈempəθi/ (n) — ability to understand and share another person’s feelings
perspective /pəˈspektɪv/ (n) — way of seeing or thinking about something
social cues /ˈsəʊʃl kjuːz/ (n) — small signs in faces, voices, or body that show feelings
overwhelm /ˌəʊvəˈwelm/ (v) — make someone feel something too strongly
label /ˈleɪbl/ (v) — put a word or name on something
frustrated /ˈfrʌstreɪtɪd/ (adj) — upset because you cannot change or achieve something
disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ (adj) — unhappy because something was not as good as hoped
vocabulary /vəˈkæbjələri/ (n) — all the words you know or use
nuance /ˈnjuːɑːns/ (n) — small, fine difference in meaning or feeling
resilience /rɪˈzɪliəns/ (n) — ability to recover after stress or problems


📝 Practice Questions

True/False
1. Sami first writes a message that is defensive and critical.
2. Emotional intelligence means you never feel strong emotions.
3. Brain studies suggest that labeling feelings can reduce the alarm response.

B2 – Multiple Choice

  1. What does Sami finally send to his sister?
    A. A long list of complaints.
    B. A message that shows empathy and asks to talk later.
    C. No message at all.

  2. Which is NOT one of the four parts of emotional intelligence listed in the article?
    A. Self-awareness
    B. Regulation
    C. Perfectionism

  3. What is emotional granularity?
    A. The speed of your emotional reactions.
    B. The ability to see small differences between feelings.
    C. The number of friends you talk to about emotions.

B2 – Short Answer

  1. How does having more emotion words help you regulate your feelings?
  2. What choice does the nurse make when she notices she is overwhelmed and hungry?
  3. In the parent–teen example, what new perspective helps the parent listen?

B2 – Discussion

  1. Think about a recent conflict or stressful moment in your own life.
    How might emotional intelligence — self-awareness, regulation, empathy, or emotional vocabulary — have changed what you did or said?

True/False
1. True
2. False
3. True

B2 – Multiple Choice

  1. B
  2. C
  3. B

B2 – Short Answer

  1. It lets you describe feelings exactly, so you can choose better responses.
  2. She takes a short break and drinks water instead of shouting.
  3. She sees her teen as ashamed and scared, not just rude.